I am researching the Earth Objects that I paint.  One of the fun names I came across in my research is Conifers.  The members of the pine family  (pines, spruces, firs, cedars, larches, etc.) have cones that are imbricate with scales  overlapping each other like fish scales. These are the "archetypal" cones. The  scales are spirally arranged in fibonacci number ratios.
The female cone has two types of scale: the bract scales, derived from  a modified leaf, and the seed scales (or ovuliferous scales), one  subtending each bract scale, derived from a highly modified branchlet. On the  upper-side base of each seed scale are two ovules that develop into seeds after  fertilisation by pollen grains. The bract scales develop first, and are  conspicuous at the time of pollination; the seed scales develop later to enclose  and protect the seeds, with the bract scales often not growing further. The  scales open temporarily to receive pollen, then close during fertilisation and  maturation, and then re-open again at maturity to allow the seed to escape.  Maturation takes 6-8 months from pollination in most Pinaceae genera, but 12  months in cedars and 18-24 months (rarely more) in most pines. The cones open  either by the seed scales flexing back when they dry out, or (in firs, cedars  and golden larch) by the cones  disintegrating with the seed scales falling off. The cones are conic, cylindrical or  ovoid (egg-shaped), and  small to very large, from 2-60 cm long and 1-20 cm broad.
 

 
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